CVE-2025-61757: Oracle Fusion Middleware Missing Authentication for Critical Function Vulnerability

In short

Oracle Fusion Middleware has a weakness classified as missing authentication for critical function (CWE-306). CISA added it to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2025-11-21. NVD lists CVSS 3.1 at 9.8 CRITICAL.

What it is

“Oracle Fusion Middleware contains a missing authentication for critical function vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to take over Identity Manager.” — CISA KEV, retrieved 2026-11-01

“Vulnerability in the Identity Manager product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: REST WebServices). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.1.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Identity Manager. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Identity Manager. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).” — NVD, retrieved 2026-11-01

Who is affected

Oracle Fusion Middleware. NVD lists the following versions as affected:

• Versions version 12.2.1.4.0
• Versions version 14.1.2.1.0

Exploitation status

CISA KEV added: 2025-11-21. Known ransomware campaign use: Not reported by CISA. Due date CISA set for US federal civilian agencies: 2025-12-12.

Scores

NVD CVSS 3.1: 9.8 CRITICAL; vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H; source [email protected].

EPSS by FIRST: 88.65%; percentile 99.77; score date 2026-10-31. EPSS estimates the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

CWE: CWE-306.

Timeline

CISA required action

“Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.” — CISA KEV

What to do

• Confirm whether you run Oracle Fusion Middleware and which version.
• Apply the vendor update or mitigation in the advisory.
• Follow CISA’s required action.
• Review the vendor guidance on signs of compromise.
• Track the fix through completion.

References

• Vendor Advisory: https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2025.html
• Third Party Advisory: https://isc.sans.edu/diary/rss/32506
• NVD detail
• CVE.org record
• CISA KEV catalog

Sources and dates

CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog, version 2026.10.30; retrieved 2026-11-01. CISA KEV data: CC0 1.0. No endorsement by CISA.

NVD retrieved: 2026-11-01. This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD.

EPSS scores by FIRST; score date 2026-10-31.